Chemistry Dictionary

In this site we focused on the the areas of science incluod analytical chemisty, general chemistry, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, and spectroscopy.(Online Chemistry Dictionary )

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29.12.11

anaphoresis

  6:04 PM    


anaphoresis [PHYS CHEM] Upon application of an electric field, the movement of posi
tively charged colloidal particles or macromolecules suspended in a liquid toward
the anode

   /

analytical extraction

  6:03 PM    


analytical extraction [ANALY CHEM] Precise transfer of one or more components of a
mixture (liquid to liquid, gas to liquid, solid to liquid) by contacting the mixture
with a solvent in which the component of interest is preferentially soluble

   /

analytical distillation

  6:03 PM    

analytical distillation [ANALY CHEM] Precise resolution of a volatile liquid mixture into
its components; the mixture is vaporized by heat or vacuum, and the vaporized
components are recondensed into liquids at their respective boiling points

   /

analog

  5:56 PM    

analog [CHEM] A compound whose structure is similar to that of another compound
but whose composition differs by one element

   /

anagyrine

  5:54 PM    


anagyrine [ORG CHEM]C15H20N2O A toxic alkaloid found in several species of Lupinus
in the western United States; acute poisoning produces nervousness, depression,
loss of muscular control, convulsions, and coma

   /

anabasine

  5:54 PM    


anabasine [ORG CHEM] A colorless, liquid alkaloid extracted from the plants Anabasis
aphylla and Nicotiana glauca; boiling point is 105 C; soluble in alcohol and ether; used
as an insecticide

   /

amyl xanthate

  5:53 PM    


amyl xanthate [ORG CHEM] A salt formed by replacing the hydrogen attached to the
sulfur in amylxanthic acid by a metal; used as collector agent in the flotation of
certain minerals

   /

amyl salicylate

  5:52 PM    


amyl salicylate [ORG CHEM]C6H4OHCOOC5H11 A clear liquid that occasionally has a
yellow tinge; boils at 280 C; soluble in alcohol, insoluble in water; used in soap and
perfumes. Also known as isoamyl salicylate

   /

amyl nitrite

  5:51 PM    


amyl nitrite [ORG CHEM] (CH3)2CH(CH2)2NO2 A yellow liquid; soluble in alcohol, very
slightly soluble in water; fruity odor; it is flammable and the vapor is explosive; used
in medicine and perfumes. Also known as isoamyl nitrite

   /

amyl ether

  5:48 PM    


amyl ether [ORG CHEM] 1. Either of two isomeric compounds, n-amyl ether or isoamyl
ether; both may be represented by the formula (C5H11)2O. 2. A mixture mainly of
isoamyl ether and n-amyl ether formed in preparation of amyl alcohols from amyl
chloride; very slightly soluble in water; used mainly as a solvent

   /

amylene

  5:47 PM    


amylene [ORG CHEM]C5H10 A highly flammable liquid with a low boiling point, 37
38.5 C; often a component of petroleum. Also known as 2-methyl-2-butene

   /

n amylamine

  5:46 PM    


n-amylamine [ORG CHEM]C5H11NH2 A colorless liquid with a boiling point of 104.4 C
soluble in water, alcohol, and ether; used in dyestuffs, insecticides, synthetic deter-
gents, corrosion inhibitors, and pharmaceuticals, and as a gasoline additive

   /

28.12.11

amyl alcohol

  12:04 AM    Anonymous

amyl alcohol [ORG CHEM]
 1. A colorless liquid that is a mixture of isomeric alcohols
2. An optically active liquid composed of isopentyl alcohol and active amyl alcohol

   /

amyl acetate

  12:03 AM    Anonymous


amyl acetate [ORG CHEM]CH3COO(CH2)2CH(CH3)2 A colorless liquid, boiling at 142 C
soluble in alcohol and ether, slightly soluble in water; used in flavors and perfumes.
Also known as banana oil; isoamyl acetate

   /

amyl

  12:03 AM    Anonymous


amyl [ORG CHEM] Any of the eight isomeric arrangements of the radical C5H11 or a
mixture of them. Also known as pentyl

   /

amphoterism

  12:02 AM    Anonymous

amphoterism [CHEM] The property of being able to react either as an acid or a base

   /

amphoteric

  12:00 AM    Anonymous


amphoteric [CHEM] Having both acidic and basic characteristics. Also known as
amphiprotic

   /

27.12.11

ampholytic detergent

  11:59 PM    Anonymous

ampholytic detergent [CHEM] A detergent that is cationic in acidic solutions and
anionic in basic solutions

   /

amphiphile

  11:57 PM    Anonymous


amphiphile [CHEM] A molecule which has a polar head attached to a long hydrophobic
tail

   /

amphipathic molecule

  11:57 PM    Anonymous


amphipathicmolecule [ORG CHEM] A molecule having both hydrophilic and hydropho
bic groups; examples are wetting agents andmembrane lipids such as phosphoglycer-
ides

   /

amperometry

  11:56 PM    Anonymous


amperometry [PHYS CHEM] Chemical analysis by techniques which involve measuring
electric currents

   /

amperometric titration

  11:55 PM    Anonymous

amperometric titration [PHYS CHEM] A titration that involves measuring an electric
current or changes in current during the course of the titration

   /

amount of substance

  11:54 PM    Anonymous


amount of substance [CHEM] A measure of the number of elementary entities present
in a substance or system; usually measured in moles

   /

ammonolysis

  11:53 PM    Anonymous


ammonolysis [CHEM] 
1. A dissociation reaction of the ammonia molecule producing
H+ and NH2 species.

 2. Breaking of a bond by addition of ammonia. 

   /

ammonium vanadate

  11:52 PM    Anonymous


ammonium vanadate [INORG CHEM]NH4VO3 A white to yellow, water-soluble, crystal
line powder; used in inks and as a paint drier and textile mordant

   /

ammonium thiocyanate

  11:51 PM    Anonymous


ammonium thiocyanate [ORG CHEM]NH4SCN Colorless, deliquescent crystals with a
melting point of 149.6 C; soluble in water, acetone, alcohol, and ammonia; used in
analytical chemistry, freezing solutions, fabric dyeing, electroplating, photography,
and steel pickling

   /

ammonium sulfide

  11:47 PM    Anonymous


ammonium sulfide [INORG CHEM] (NH4)2S Yellow crystals, stable only when dry and
below 0 C; decomposes on melting; soluble in water and alcohol; used in photo-
graphic developers and for coloring brasses and bronzes

   /

ammonium sulfate

  11:46 PM    Anonymous


ammonium sulfate [INORG CHEM] (NH4)2SO4 Colorless, rhombic crystals which melt at
140 C and are soluble in water

   /

  11:45 PM    Anonymous


ammonium sulfamate [INORG CHEM]NH4OSO2NH2 White crystals with a melting point
of 130 C; soluble in water; used for flameproofing textiles, in electroplating, and as
an herbicide to control woody plant species.

   /

ammonium stearate

  11:43 PM    Anonymous

ammonium stearate [ORG CHEM]C17H35COONH4 A tan, waxlike substance with a melt
ing point of 73–75 C; used in cosmetics and for waterproofing cements, paper,
textiles, and other materials.

   /

ammonium soap

  11:26 PM    Anonymous


ammonium soap [ORG CHEM] A product from reaction of a fatty acid with ammonium
hydroxide; used in toiletry preparations such as soaps and in emulsions

   /

ammonium salt

  11:19 PM    Anonymous

ammonium salt [INORG CHEM] A product of a reaction between ammonia and various acids; examples are ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate

   /

14.12.11

ammonium persulfate

  3:42 PM    

ammonium persulfate [INORG CHEM] (NH4)2S2O8 White crystals which decompose on
melting; soluble in water; used as an oxidizing agent and bleaching agent, and in
etching, electroplating, food preservation, and aniline dyes

   /

ammonium perchlorate

  3:41 PM    

ammonium perchlorate [INORG CHEM]NH4ClO4 A salt that forms colorless or white
rhombic and regular crystals, which are soluble in water; it decomposes at 150 C,
and the reaction is explosive at higher temperatures

   /

ammonium iodide

  3:33 PM    

ammonium iodide [INORG CHEM]NH4I A salt prepared from ammonia and hydrogen
iodide or iodine; it forms colorless, regular crystals which sublime when heated;
used in photography and for pharmaceutical preparations.

   /

ammonium gluconate

  3:28 PM    

ammonium gluconate [ORG CHEM]NH4C6H11O7 A white, crystalline powder made from
gluconic acid and ammonia; soluble in water; used as an emulsifier for cheese and
salad dressing and as a catalyst in textile printing

   /

ammonium formate

  3:26 PM    

ammonium formate [ORG CHEM] HCO2NH4 Deliquescent crystals or granules with a
melting point of 116 C; soluble in water and alcohol; used in analytical chemistry
to precipitate base metals from salts of the noble metals.

   /

ammoniumfluoride

  3:24 PM    

ammoniumfluoride [INORG CHEM]NH4F A white, unstable, crystalline salt with a strong
odor of ammonia; soluble in cold water; used in analytical chemistry, glass etching,
and wood preservation, and as a textile mordant

   /

ammoniumdichromate

  3:23 PM    

ammoniumdichromate [INORGCHEM] (NH4)2Cr2O7 A salt that forms orange,monoclinic
crystals; made from ammonium sulfate and sodium dichromate; soluble in water
and alcohol; ignites readily; used in photography, lithography, pyrotechnics, and
dyeing. Also known as ammonium bichromate

   /

ammonium chromate

  3:20 PM    

ammonium chromate [INORG CHEM] (NH4)2CrO4 A salt that forms yellow, monoclinic
crystals; made from ammonium hydroxide and ammonium dichromate; used in
photography as a sensitizer for gelatin coatings.

   /

ammonium chloride

  3:19 PM    

ammonium chloride [INORG CHEM]NH4Cl A white crystalline salt that occurs naturally
as a sublimation product of volcanic action or ismanufactured; used as an electrolyte
in dry cells, as a flux for soldering, tinning, and galvanizing, and as an expectorant.

   /

ammonium carbonate

  3:18 PM    

ammonium carbonate [INORG CHEM]
 1. (NH4)2CO3 The normal ammonium salt of carbonic acid, prepared by passing gaseous carbon dioxide into an aqueous solution
of ammonia and allowing the vapors (ammonia, carbon dioxide, water) to crystallize.

2. NH4HCO3 NH2COONH4 A white, crystalline double salt of ammonium bicarbonate
and ammonium carbamate obtained commercially; the principal ingredient of smell-
ing salts.

   /

ammonium carbamate

  3:17 PM    

ammonium carbamate [INORG CHEM] NH4NH2CO2 A salt that forms colorless, rhombic
crystals, which are very soluble in cold water; an important, unstable intermediate
in the manufacture of urea; found in commercial ammonium carbonate.

   /

ammonium bromide

  3:15 PM    

ammonium bromide [INORG CHEM]NH4Br An ammonium halide that crystallizes in
the cubic system; made by the reaction of ammonia with hydrobromic acid or
bromine; used in photography and for pharmaceutical preparations (sedatives).
{ É™ mo ¯ n yÉ™m bro ¯ mı ¯d}

   /

23.9.11

ammonium bitartrate

  9:40 PM    

ammonium bitartrate [ORG CHEM]NH4HC4H4O6 Colorless crystals that are soluble in
water; used to make baking powder and to detect calcium. Also known as monoam-
monium tartrate. { É™ mo ¯ n yÉ™mbı ¯ ta ¨ r tra ¯ t}

   /

ammonium bifluoride

  9:39 PM    

ammonium bifluoride [INORG CHEM]NH4F HF A salt that crystallizes in the orthorhom-
bic system and is soluble in water; prepared in the form of white flakes from ammonia
treated with hydrogen fluoride; used in solution as a fungicide and wood preservative.
Also known as ammonium acid fluoride; ammonium hydrogen fluoride. { É™ mo ¯ n
yÉ™mbı ¯ flu ˙ r ı ¯d}

   /

ammonium bicarbonate

  9:38 PM    

ammonium bicarbonate [INORG CHEM]NH4HCO3 White, crystalline, water-soluble salt;
used in baking powders and in fire-extinguishing mixtures. Also known as ammo-
nium hydrogen carbonate. { É™ mo ¯ n yÉ™mbı ¯ ka ¨ r bÉ™ na ¯ t}

   /

ammonium benzoate

  9:28 PM    

ammonium benzoate [ORG CHEM]NH4C7H5O2 A salt of benzoic acid prepared as a
coarse, white powder; used as a preservative in certain adhesives and rubber latex.
{ É™ mo ¯ n yÉ™m ben zÉ™ wa ¯ t}

   /

ammonium aluminum sulfate

  9:27 PM    

ammonium aluminum sulfate [INORG CHEM]NH4Al(SO4)2 12H2O Colorless, odorless
crystals that are soluble in water; used in manufacturing medicines and baking
powder, dyeing, papermaking, and tanning. Also known as alum; aluminum ammo-
nium sulfate; ammonia alum; ammonium alum. { É™ mo ¯ n yÉ™m É™¦lu ¨ mÉ™ nÉ™m sÉ™l fa ¯ t}

   /

ammonium alginate

  9:26 PM    

ammonium alginate [ORG CHEM](C6H7O6 NH4)n A high-molecular-weight, hydrophilic
colloid; used as a thickening agent/stabilizer in ice cream, cheese, canned fruits,
and other food products. { É™ mo ¯ n yÉ™m al jÉ™ na ¯ t}

   /

ammoniumacetate

  9:25 PM    

ammoniumacetate [ORG CHEM] 1. CH3COONH4 A normal salt formed by the neutraliza-
tion of acetic acid with ammonium hydroxide; a white, crystalline, deliquescent
material used in solution for the standardization of electrodes for hydrogen ions.
2. CH3COONH4 CH3COOH An acid salt resulting from the distillation of the neutral
salt or from its solution in hot acetic acid; crystallizes in deliquescent needles.
3. A mixture of the normal and acetic salts; used as a mordant in the dyeing of wool.
{ É™ mo ¯ n yÉ™m as É™ ta ¯ t}

   /

ammonia water

  9:24 PM    

ammonia water [CHEM] A water solution of ammonia; a clear colorless liquid that is
basic because of dissociation of NH4OH to produce hydroxide ions; used as a reagent,
solvent, and neutralizing agent. { É™ mo ¯ n yÉ™ wo ˙ d É™r}

   /

ammoniated mercury

  9:22 PM    

ammoniated mercury [INORG CHEM] HgNH2Cl A white powder that darkens on light
exposure; insoluble in water and alcohol, soluble in ammonium carbonate solutions
and in warm acids; used in pharmaceuticals and as a local anti-infective in medicine.
{ É™ mo ¯ n e ¯ a ¯d É™d mÉ™r kyÉ™ re ¯ }

   /

16.7.11

ammonia

  11:59 AM    Anonymous

ammonia [INORGCHEM]NH3 A colorless gaseous alkaline compound that is very soluble
in water, has a characteristic pungent odor, is lighter than air, and is formed as a
result of the decomposition of most nitrogenous organic material; used as a fertilizer
and as a chemical intermediate.

   /

ammonation

  11:59 AM    Anonymous

ammonation [INORG CHEM] A reaction in which ammonia is added to other molecules
or ions by covalent bond formation utilizing the unshared pair of electrons on the
nitrogen atom, or through ion-dipole electrostatic interactions.

   /

ammine

  11:58 AM    Anonymous

ammine [INORG CHEM] One of a group of complex compounds formed by coordination
of ammonia molecules with metal ions.

   /

aminotriazole

  11:58 AM    Anonymous

aminotriazole [ORG CHEM]C2H4N4 Crystals with a melting point of 159 C; soluble in
water, methanol, chloroform, and ethanol; used as an herbicide, cotton plant defoli-
ant, and growth regulator for annual grasses and broadleaf and aquatic weeds.
Abbreviated ATA.

   /

2-aminothiazole

  11:58 AM    Anonymous

2-aminothiazole [ORG CHEM]C3H4N2S Pale-yellow crystals that melt at 92 C; soluble
in cold water, slightly soluble in ethyl alcohol; used as an intermediate in the
synthesis of sulfathiazole.

   /

amino resin

  11:57 AM    Anonymous

amino resin [ORG CHEM] A type of resin prepared by condensation polymerization,
with an aldehyde, of a compound containing an amino group.

   /

beta aminopyridine

  11:57 AM    Anonymous

beta aminopyridine [ORG CHEM]C5H6N2 Crystals with a melting point of 64 C; soluble in
water, alcohol, and benzene; used in drug and dye manufacture. Also known as
3-aminopyridine.

   /

4aminopyridine

  11:56 AM    Anonymous

4-aminopyridine [ORG CHEM]C5H6N2 White crystals with a melting point of 158.9 C;
soluble in water; used as a repellent for birds. Abbreviated 4-AP.

   /

para-aminophenol

  11:54 AM    Anonymous

para-aminophenol [ORG CHEM] p-HOC6H4NO2 A phenol in which an amino ( NH2)
group is located on the benzene ring of carbon atoms para (p) to the hydroxyl ( OH)
group; used as a photographic developer and as an intermediate in dye manufacture

   /

aminophenol

  11:53 AM    Anonymous

aminophenol [ORG CHEM] A type of compound containing the NH2 and OH groups
joined to the benzene ring; examples are para-aminophenol and ortho-hydroxylaniline.

   /

amino nitrogen

  11:52 AM    Anonymous

amino nitrogen [CHEM] Nitrogen combined with hydrogen in the amino group. Also
known as ammonia nitrogen.

   /

3-amino-2-naphthoic acid

  11:51 AM    Anonymous

3-amino-2-naphthoic acid [ORG CHEM]H2NC10H6COOH Yellow crystals in the shape
of scales with a melting point of 214 C; soluble in alcohol and ether; used in the
determination of copper, nickel, and cobalt.

   /

2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol

  11:50 AM    Anonymous

2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol [ORG CHEM] HOCH2C(CH3)(NH2)CH2OH Crystals
with amelting point of 109–111 C; soluble in water and alcohol; used in the synthesis
of surface-active agents, pharmaceuticals, and vulcanizers, and as an emulsifying
agent for cosmetics, leather dressings, polishes, and cleaning compounds.

   /

amino group

  11:04 AM    Anonymous

amino group [ORG CHEM] A functional group ( NH2) formed by the loss of a hydrogen
atom from ammonia. 

   /

3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid

  11:03 AM    Anonymous

3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid [ORG CHEM]C7H5O2NCl2 A white solid with a melt-
ing point of 200–201 C; solubility in water is 700 parts per million at 20 C; used as
a preemergence herbicide for soybeans, corn, and sweet potatoes.

   /

aminodiborane

  11:03 AM    Anonymous

aminodiborane [INORG CHEM] Any compound derived from diborane (B2H6) in which
one H of the bridge has been replaced by NH2.

   /

aminocarb

  11:02 AM    Anonymous

aminocarb [ORG CHEM]C11H16N2O2 A tan, crystalline compound with a melting point
of 93–94 C; slightly soluble in water; used as an insecticide for control of forest
insects and pests of cotton, tomatoes, tobacco, and fruit crops.

   /

gama - aminobutyric acid

  11:01 AM    Anonymous

gama - aminobutyric acid [ORG CHEM]H2NCH2CH2CH2COOH Crystals which are either leaf-
lets or needles, with a melting point of 202 C; thought to be a central nervous system
postsynaptic inhibitory transmitter. Abbreviated GABA.

   /

E - aminocaproic acid

  10:59 AM    Anonymous

E - aminocaproic acid [ORG CHEM]C6H13NO2 Crystals with amelting point of 204–206 C;
freely soluble in water; used as an antifibrinolytic agent and a spacer for affinity
chromatography. 

   /

2-amino-1-butanol

  9:39 AM    Anonymous

2-amino-1-butanol [ORG CHEM]CH3CH2CH(NH2)CH2OH A liquid miscible with water,
soluble in alcohols; used in the synthesis of surface-active agents, vulcanizing acceler-
ators, and pharmaceuticals, and as an emulsifying agent for such products as cosmetic
creams and lotions.

   /

1-aminoanthraquinone

  9:39 AM    Anonymous

1-aminoanthraquinone [ORG CHEM]C14H9NO2 Ruby-red crystals with a melting point
of 250 C; freely soluble in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether, glacial acetic acid,
and hydrochloric acid; used in the manufacture of dyes and pharmaceuticals.

   /

amino , amin

  9:38 AM    Anonymous

amino-, amin- [CHEM] Having the property of a compound in which the group NH2 is
attached to a radical other than an acid radical. 

   /

15.7.11

amine

  3:40 PM    Anonymous

amine [ORG CHEM] One of a class of organic compounds which can be considered to
be derived from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogens by functional
groups.

   /

amination

  3:40 PM    Anonymous

amination [ORG CHEM] 1. The preparation of amines. 2. A process in which the amino
group ( NH2) is introduced into organic molecules.

   /

amidol

  3:39 PM    Anonymous

amidol [ORG CHEM]C6H3(NH2)2OH HCl A grayish-white crystalline salt; soluble in
water, slightly soluble in alcohol; used as a developer in photography and as an
analytical reagent.

   /

amido

  3:38 PM    Anonymous

amido [ORG CHEM] Indicating the NH2 radical when it is present in a molecule with
the CO radical.

   /

amide hydrolysis

  3:38 PM    Anonymous

amide hydrolysis [ORG CHEM] The cleavage of an amide into its constitutive acid and
amine fragments by a net addition of water.

   /

amide

  3:37 PM    Anonymous

amide [ORG CHEM] One of a class of organic compounds containing the CONH2 radical.

   /

amidation

  3:36 PM    Anonymous

amidation [ORG CHEM] The process of forming an amide; for example, in the laboratory
benzyl reacts with methyl amine to form N-methylbenzamide.

   /

amicron

  3:36 PM    Anonymous

amicron [PHYS CHEM] A particle having a size of 10 7
centimeter or less, which is a
size in a system of classification of particle sizes in colloid chemistry.

   /

Ames test

  3:35 PM    Anonymous

Ames test [ANALY CHEM] A bioassay that uses a set of histidine auxotrophic mutants of
Salmonella typhimurium for detectingmutagenic and possibly carcinogenic compounds.

   /

americium

  3:35 PM    Anonymous

americium [CHEM] A chemical element, symbol Am, atomic number 95; the mass
number of the isotope with the longest half-life is 243.

   /

ambident

  3:34 PM    Anonymous

ambident [ORG CHEM] A chemical species or molecule that possesses two alternative
reactive sites, either of which can bond in a reaction; examples include cyanate ions,
thiosulfate ions, oxime anions, and enolate ions. Also known as ambidentate.

   /

Am

  3:33 PM    Anonymous

Am See americium

   /

aluminum sulfate

  10:31 AM    Anonymous

aluminum sulfate [INORG CHEM]Al2(SO4)3 18H2O A colorless salt in the form of mono-
clinic crystals that decompose in heat and are soluble in water; used in papermaking,
water purification, and tanning, and as a mordant in dyeing. Also known as alum.

   /

aluminum stearate

  10:31 AM    Anonymous

aluminum stearate [ORG CHEM] Al(C17H35COO)3 An aluminum soap in the form of a
white powder that is insoluble in water and soluble in oils; used for waterproofing
fabrics and concrete and as a drier in paints and varnishes.

   /

aluminum sodium sulfate

  10:30 AM    Anonymous

aluminum sodium sulfate [INORG CHEM] AlNa(SO4)2 12H2O Colorless crystals with an
astringent taste and a melting point of 61 C; soluble in water; used as a mordant
and for waterproofing textiles, as a food additive, and for matches, tanning, ceramics,
engraving, and water purification. Abbreviated SAS. Also known as porous alum;
soda alum; sodium aluminum sulfate.

   /

aluminum soap

  10:30 AM    Anonymous

aluminum soap [ORG CHEM] Any of various salts of higher carboxylic acids and alumi-
num that are insoluble in water and soluble in oils; used in lubricating greases,
paints, varnishes, and waterproofing substances.

   /

aluminum silicate

  10:28 AM    Anonymous

aluminum silicate [INORG CHEM]Al2(SiO3)3 A white solid that is insoluble in water;
used as a refractory in glassmaking.

   /

aluminum palmitate

  10:27 AM    Anonymous

aluminum palmitate [ORG CHEM] Al(C16H31O2) H2O An aluminum soap used in water-
proofing fabrics, paper, and leather and as a drier in paints.

   /

aluminum oxide

  10:26 AM    Anonymous

aluminum oxide [INORG CHEM]Al2O3 A compound in the form of a white powder or
colorless hexagonal crystals; melts at 2020 C; insoluble in water; used in aluminum
production, paper, spark plugs, absorbing gases, light bulbs, artificial gems, and
manufacture of abrasives, refractories, ceramics, and electrical insulators.

   /

aluminum orthophosphate

  10:26 AM    Anonymous

aluminum orthophosphate [INORG CHEM] AlPO4 White crystals, melting above 1500 C;
insoluble in water, soluble in acids and bases; useful in ceramics, paints, pulp, and
paper. Also known as aluminum phosphate.

   /

aluminum oleate

  10:25 AM    Anonymous

aluminum oleate [ORG CHEM] A soaplike compound of aluminum and oleic acid, used
in lubricating oils and greases to improve their viscosity.

   /

aluminum nitrate

  10:25 AM    Anonymous

aluminum nitrate [INORG CHEM] Al(NO3)3 9H2O White, deliquescent crystals with a melting point of 73 C; soluble in alcohol and acetone; used as a mordant for textiles,
in leather tanning, and as a catalyst in petroleum refining.

   /

aluminum monostearate

  10:24 AM    Anonymous

aluminum monostearate [ORG CHEM] Al(OH)2[OOC(CH2)16CH3] A white to yellowish-
white powder with a melting point of 155 C; used in the manufacture of medicine,
paint, and ink, in waterproofing, and as a plastics stabilizer.

   /

aluminum fluosilicate

  10:22 AM    Anonymous

aluminum fluosilicate [INORG CHEM]Al2(SiF6)3 A white powder that is soluble in hot
water; used for artificial gems, enamels, and glass. Also known as aluminum sili-
cofluoride.

   /

aluminum chloride

  10:21 AM    Anonymous

aluminum chloride [INORG CHEM] AlCl3 or Al2Cl6 A deliquescent compound in the form
of white to colorless hexagonal crystals; fumes in air and reacts explosively with
water; used as a catalyst.

   /

aluminum borohydride

  10:21 AM    Anonymous

aluminum borohydride [ORG CHEM] Al(BH4)3 A volatile liquid with a boiling point of
44.5 C; used in organic synthesis and as a jet fuel additive.

   /

aluminum acetate

  10:20 AM    Anonymous

aluminum acetate [ORG CHEM] Al(CH3COO)3 A white, amorphous powder that is solu-
ble in water; used in aqueous solution as an antiseptic.

   /

aluminum

  10:20 AM    Anonymous

aluminum [CHEM] A chemical element, symbol Al, atomic number 13, and atomic
weight 26.9815. Also spelled aluminium.

   /

aluminosilicate

  10:19 AM    Anonymous

aluminosilicate [INORG CHEM] 3Al2O3 2SiO2 A colorless, crystalline combination of sili-
cate and aluminate in the form of rhombic crystals.

   /

aluminon

  10:19 AM    Anonymous

aluminon [ORG CHEM]C22H23N3O9 A yellowish-brown, glassy powder that is freely solu-
ble in water; used for the detection and colorimetric estimation of aluminum in
foods, water, and tissues, and as a pharyngeal aerosol spray.

   /

14.7.11

alumina trihydrate

  3:35 PM    Anonymous

alumina trihydrate [INORG CHEM]Al2O3 3H2O, or Al(OH)3 A white powder; insoluble in
water, soluble in hydrochloric or sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide; used in the
manufacture of ceramic glasses and in paper coating. Also known as aluminum
hydrate; aluminum hydroxide; hydrated alumina; hydrated aluminum oxide.

   /

aluminate

  3:28 PM    Anonymous

aluminate [INORG CHEM] A negative ion usually assigned the formula AlO2
and derived
from aluminum hydroxide.

   /

alumina

  10:09 AM    Anonymous

alumina [INORG CHEM]Al2O3 The native formof aluminumoxide occurring as corundum
or in hydrated forms, as a powder or crystalline substance.

   /

alum

  10:09 AM    Anonymous

alum [INORG CHEM] 1. Any of a group of double sulfates of trivalent metals such as
aluminum, chromium, or iron and a univalent metal such as potassium or sodium.
2. See aluminumsulfate; ammoniumaluminumsulfate; potassiumaluminumsulfate.

   /

alternation of multiplicities law

  10:08 AM    Anonymous

alternation of multiplicities law [CHEM] The law that the periodic table arranges the
elements in such a sequence that their number of orbital electrons, and hence their
multiplicities, alternates between even and odd numbers.

   /

alternating copolymer

  10:08 AM    Anonymous

alternating copolymer [ORG CHEM] A polymer formed of two different monomer mole-
cules that alternate in sequence in the polymer chain.

   /

alternant hydrocarbon

  10:07 AM    Anonymous

alternant hydrocarbon [ORG CHEM] A member of a class of conjugated molecules
whose carbon atoms can be divided into two sets so that members of one set are
formally bonded only to members of the other set.

   /

alpha position

  10:07 AM    Anonymous

alpha position [ORG CHEM] In chemical nomenclature, the position of a substituting
group of atoms in the main group of a molecule; for example, in a straight-chain compound such as -hydroxypropionic acid (CH3CHOHCOOH), the hydroxyl radical
is in the alpha position.

   /

alpha olefin

  10:06 AM    Anonymous

alpha olefin [ORG CHEM] An olefin where the unsaturation (double bond) is at the
alpha position, that is, between the two end carbons of the carbon chain.

   /

alpha cellulose

  10:05 AM    Anonymous

alpha cellulose [ORG CHEM] A highly refined, insoluble cellulose from which sugars,
pectin, and other soluble materials have been removed. Also known as chemical
cellulose

   /

allyxycarb

  10:05 AM    Anonymous

allyxycarb [ORG CHEM]C16H22N2O2 A yellow, crystalline compound used as an insecti-
cide for fruit orchards, vegetable crops, rice, and citrus

   /

allylurea

  10:04 AM    Anonymous

allylurea [ORG CHEM]C4H8N2O Crystals with a melting point of 85 C; freely soluble in
water and alcohol; used to manufacture allylthiourea and other corrosion inhibitors.

   /

allyltrichlorosilane

  10:02 AM    Anonymous

allyltrichlorosilane [ORG CHEM]CH2CHCH2SiCl3 A pungent, colorless liquid with a boil-
ing point of 117.5 C; used as an intermediate for silicones.

   /

allylthiourea

  10:01 AM    Anonymous

allylthiourea [ORG CHEM]C3H5NHCSNH2 A white, crystalline solid that melts at 78 C;
soluble in water; used as a corrosion inhibitor.

   /

allyl sulfide

  10:01 AM    Anonymous

allyl sulfide [ORG CHEM] (CH2CHCH2)2S A colorless liquid with a garliclike odor and a
boiling point of 139 C; used in synthetic oil of garlic.

   /

allyl resin

  10:00 AM    Anonymous

allyl resin [ORG CHEM] Any of a class of thermosetting synthetic resins derived from
esters of allyl alcohol or allyl chloride; used in making cast and laminated products.
Also known as allyl plastic.

   /

allyl mercaptan

  9:59 AM    Anonymous

allyl mercaptan [ORG CHEM]CH2CHCH2SH A colorless liquid with a boiling point of
67–68 C; soluble in ether and alcohol; used as intermediate in pharmaceutical
manufacture.

   /

allyl isothiocyanate

  9:59 AM    Anonymous

allyl isothiocyanate [ORG CHEM]CH2CH:CH2NCS A pungent, colorless to pale-yellow
liquid; soluble in alcohol, slightly soluble in water; irritating odor; boiling point
152 C; used as a fumigant and as a poison gas. Also known as mustard oil.

   /

allylic substitution

  9:58 AM    Anonymous

allylic substitution [ORG CHEM] A reaction occurring at position 1 of an allylic system
(with the double bond between positions 2 and 3) in which the incoming group is
attached to the same atom (position 1) as the leaving group, or the incoming group
is attached at position 3, with the double bond moving from positions 2 and 3 to
positions 1 and 2.

   /

allylic hydrogen

  9:58 AM    Anonymous

allylic hydrogen [ORG CHEM] In an organic molecule, a hydrogen attached to a carbon
atom that is adjacent to a double bond.

   /

allylene

  9:57 AM    Anonymous

allylene [ORG CHEM]CH3C:CH An acetylenic, three-carbon hydrocarbon; a colorless
gas boiling at 24 C; soluble in ether.

   /

allyl cyanide

  9:57 AM    Anonymous

allyl cyanide [ORG CHEM]C4H5N A liquid with an onionlike odor and a boiling point
of 119 C; slightly soluble in water; used as a cross-linking agent in polymerization.

   /

allyl chloride

  9:56 AM    Anonymous

allyl chloride [ORG CHEM]CH2CHCH2Cl A volatile, pungent, toxic, flammable, colorless
liquid, boiling at 46 C; insoluble in water; made by chlorination of propylene at high
temperatures.

   /

allyl cation

  9:56 AM    Anonymous

allyl cation [ORG CHEM] A carbonium cation with a structure usually represented as
CH2 CH CH2
+; attachment site is the saturated carbon atom.

   /

allyl bromide

  9:55 AM    Anonymous

allyl bromide [ORG CHEM]C3H5Br A colorless to light yellow, irritating toxic liquid with
a boiling point of 71.3 C; soluble in organic solvents; used in organic synthesis and
for the manufacture of synthetic perfumes.

   /

12.7.11

allylamine

  7:59 PM    Anonymous

allylamine [ORG CHEM]CH2CHCH2NH2 A yellow oil that is miscible with water; boils
at 58 C; prepared from mustard oil.

   /

allyl alcohol

  7:54 PM    Anonymous

allyl alcohol [ORG CHEM]CH2CHCH2OH Colorless, pungent liquid, boiling at 96 C;
soluble in water; made from allyl chloride by hydrolysis.

   /

allyl alcohol

  7:52 PM    Anonymous

allyl alcohol [ORG CHEM]CH2CHCH2OH Colorless, pungent liquid, boiling at 96 C;
soluble in water; made from allyl chloride by hydrolysis.

   /

allylacetone

  7:51 PM    Anonymous

allylacetone [ORG CHEM]CH2CHCH2CH2COCH3 A colorless liquid, soluble in water and organic solvents; used in pharmaceutical synthesis, perfumes, fungicides, and
insecticides.

   /

allyl

  7:48 PM    Anonymous

allyl- [ORG CHEM] A prefix used in names of compounds whose structure contains an
allyl cation.

   /

allulose

  7:46 PM    Anonymous

allulose [ORG CHEM]CH2OHCO(CHOH)3CH2OH A constituent of cane sugar molasses;
it is nonfermentable.

   /

10.7.11

allotropy

  11:57 AM    Anonymous

allotropy [CHEM] The assumption by an element of two or more different forms or
structures which are most frequently stable in different temperature ranges, such
as different crystalline forms of carbon as charcoal, graphite, or diamond. Also
known as allotriomorphism; allotropism.

  

9.7.11

allotrope

  6:15 PM    Anonymous

allotrope [CHEM] A form of an element showing allotropy.

   /

allo

  6:14 PM    Anonymous

allo- [CHEM] Prefix applied to the stabler form of two isomers.

   /

allidochlor

  6:14 PM    Anonymous

allidochlor [ORG CHEM]C8H12NOCl An amber liquid having slight solubility in water;
used as a preemergence herbicide for vegetable crops, soybeans, sorghum, and
ornamentals.

   /

allethrin

  6:13 PM    Anonymous

allethrin [ORG CHEM] An insecticide, a synthetic pyrethroid, more effective than pyre-
thrin.

   /

allene

  6:13 PM    Anonymous

allene [ORG CHEM]C3H4 An unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon with two double bonds.
Also known as propadiene.

   /

allelochemistry

  6:13 PM    Anonymous

allelochemistry [CHEM] The science of compounds synthesized by one organism that
stimulate or inhibit other organisms.

   /

alkyne

  6:12 PM    Anonymous

alkyne [ORG CHEM] One of a group of organic compounds containing a carbon-to-
carbon triple bond.

   /

alkyl halide

  6:11 PM    Anonymous

alkyl halide [ORG CHEM] A compound consisting of an alkyl group and a halogen; an
example is ethylbromide.

   /

alkylene

  6:11 PM    Anonymous

alkylene [ORG CHEM] An organic radical formed froman unsaturated aliphatic hydrocar-
bon; for example, the ethylene radical C2H3 .

   /

alkylation

  6:10 PM    Anonymous

alkylation [ORG CHEM] A chemical process in which an alkyl radical is introduced into
an organic compound by substitution or addition.

   /

alkylate

  6:09 PM    Anonymous

alkylate [ORG CHEM] A product of the alkylation process in petroleum refining.

   /

alkylamine

  6:08 PM    Anonymous

alkylamine [ORG CHEM] A compound consisting of an alkyl group attached to the
nitrogen of an amine; an example is ethylamine, C2H5NH2.

   /

alkyl

  6:08 PM    Anonymous

alkyl [ORG CHEM] An organic group that results from removal of a hydrogen atom from
an acyclic, saturated hydrocarbon; may be represented in a chemical formula by
R .

   /

alkyd resin

  6:07 PM    Anonymous

alkyd resin [ORG CHEM] A class of adhesive resins made from unsaturated acids and
glycerol.

   /

alkoxy

  6:07 PM    Anonymous

alkoxy [ORG CHEM] An alkyl radical attached to a molecule by oxygen, such as the
ethoxy radical.

   /

alkene

  6:06 PM    Anonymous

alkene [ORG CHEM] One of a class of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons containing
one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds.

   /

alkanolamine

  6:06 PM    Anonymous

alkanolamine [ORG CHEM] One of a group of viscous, water-soluble amino alcohols of
the aliphatic series.

   /

alkannin

  6:05 PM    Anonymous

alkannin [ORG CHEM]C16H16O5 A red powder, the coloring ingredient of alkanet; soluble
in alcohol, benzene, ether, and oils; used as a coloring agent for fats and oils, wines,
and wax.

   /

alkane

  6:05 PM    Anonymous

alkane [ORG CHEM] A member of a series of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having the empirical formula CnH2n+2. Also known as paraffin; paraffinic hydrocarbon.

   /

alkamine

  6:03 PM    Anonymous

alkamine [ORG CHEM] A compound that has both the alcohol and amino groups. Also
known as amino alcohol.

   /

alkaloid

  6:02 PM    Anonymous

alkaloid [ORG CHEM] One of a group of nitrogenous bases of plant origin, such as
nicotine, cocaine, and morphine.

   /

alkalinity

  6:02 PM    Anonymous

alkalinity [CHEM] The property of having excess hydroxide ions in solution.

   /

alkaline earth metals

  6:01 PM    Anonymous

alkaline-earth metals [CHEM] The heaviest members of group 2 in the periodic table;
usually calcium, strontium, magnesium, and barium.

   /

alkaline earth

  6:00 PM    Anonymous

alkaline earth [INORG CHEM] An oxide of an element of group 2 in the periodic table,
such as barium, calcium, and strontium. Also known as alkaline-earth oxide.

   /

alkaline

  6:00 PM    Anonymous

alkaline [CHEM] 1. Having properties of an alkali. 2. Having a pH greater than 7.

   /

alkalimetry

  5:59 PM    Anonymous

alkalimetry [ANALY CHEM] Quantitative measurement of the concentration of bases or
the quantity of one free base in a solution; techniques include titration and other
analytical methods.

   /

alkalimeter

  5:59 PM    Anonymous

alkalimeter [ANALY CHEM] 1. An apparatus for measuring the quantity of alkali in a
solid or liquid. 2. An apparatus for measuring the quantity of carbon dioxide formed
in a reaction.

   /

alkali metal

  5:59 PM    Anonymous

alkali metal [CHEM] Any of the elements of group I in the periodic table: lithium,
sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.

   /

alkalide

  5:58 PM    Anonymous

alkalide [INORG CHEM] A member of a class of crystalline salts with an alkali metal
atom.

   /

alkali blue

  5:58 PM    Anonymous

alkali blue [ORG CHEM] The sodium salt of triphenylrosanilinesulfonic acid; used as
an indicator.

   /

alkali alcoholate

  5:57 PM    Anonymous

alkali alcoholate [ORG CHEM] A compound formed from an alcohol and an alkali metal
base; the alkali metal replaces the hydrogen in the hydroxyl group.

   /

alkali-aggregate reaction

  5:57 PM    Anonymous

alkali-aggregate reaction [CHEM] The chemical reaction of an aggregate with the alkali
in a cement, resulting in a weakening of the concrete.

   /

alkali

  5:56 PM    Anonymous

alkali [CHEM] Any compound having highly basic qualities.

   /

alkalescence

  5:56 PM    Anonymous

alkalescence [CHEM] The property of a substance that is alkaline, that is, having a
pH greater than 7.

   /

alizarin

  5:53 PM    Anonymous

alizarin [ORG CHEM]C14H6O2(OH)2 An orange crystalline compound, insoluble in cold
water; made synthetically from anthraquinone; used in the manufacture of dyes and
red pigments.

   /

aliquot

  5:52 PM    Anonymous

aliquot [CHEM] A part of a sample that has been divided into exactly equal parts with
no remainder.

   /

aliquant

  5:52 PM    Anonymous

aliquant [CHEM] A part of a sample that has been divided into a set of equal parts
plus a smaller remainder part.

   /

aliphatic series

  5:51 PM    Anonymous

aliphatic series [ORG CHEM] A series of open-chained carbon-hydrogen compounds;
the two major classes are the series with saturated bonds and with the unsaturated.

   /

aliphatic polyene compound

  5:50 PM    Anonymous

aliphatic polyene compound [ORG CHEM] Any unsaturated aliphatic or alicyclic com-
pound with more than four carbons in the chain and with at least two double bonds;
for example, hexadiene.

   /

7.7.11

aliphatic

  10:05 PM    Anonymous

aliphatic [ORG CHEM] Of or pertaining to any organic compound of hydrogen and carbon
characterized by a straight chain of the carbon atoms; three subgroups of such
compounds are alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes.

   /

alicyclic

  10:05 PM    Anonymous

alicyclic [ORG CHEM] 1. Having the properties of both aliphatic and cyclic substances.
2. Referring to a class of saturated hydrocarbon compounds whose structures contain
one ring. Also known as cycloaliphatic; cycloalkane.Any one of the compounds of
the alicyclic class. Also known as cyclane.

   /

alginic acid

  10:03 PM    Anonymous

alginic acid [ORG CHEM](C6H8O6)n An insoluble colloidal acid obtained from brown
marine algae; it is hard when dry and absorbent when moist. Also known as algin.

   /

alfin catalyst

  10:02 PM    Anonymous

alfin catalyst [ORG CHEM] A catalyst derived from reaction of an alkali alcoholate with
an olefin halide; used to convert olefins (for example, ethylene, propylene, or butyl-
enes) into polyolefin polymers.

   /

Aldrin

  10:01 PM    Anonymous

Aldrin [ORG CHEM]C12H8Cl6 Trade name for a water-insoluble, white, crystalline com-
pound, consisting mainly of chlorinated dimethanonaphthalene; used as a pesticide.

   /

aldose

  10:01 PM    Anonymous

aldose [ORG CHEM] A class of monosaccharide sugars; the molecule contains an alde-
hyde group.

   /

aldol condensation

  9:55 PM    Anonymous

aldol condensation [ORG CHEM] Formation of a -hydroxycarbonyl compound by the
condensation of an aldehyde or a ketone in the presence of an acid or base catalyst.
Also known as aldol reaction.

   /

aldol

  9:54 PM    Anonymous

aldol [ORG CHEM]CH3CH(OH)CH2CHO A colorless, thick liquid with a boiling point of
83 C; used in manufacturing rubber age resistors, accelerators, and vulcanizers.

   /

aldohexose

  9:54 PM    Anonymous

aldohexose [ORG CHEM] A hexose, such as glucose or mannose, containing the alde-
hyde group.

   /

aldicarb

  9:53 PM    Anonymous

aldicarb [ORG CHEM]C7H14N2O2S A colorless, crystalline compound with a melting
point of 100 C; used as an insecticide, miticide, and nematicide to treat soil for
cotton, sugarbeets, potatoes, peanuts, and ornamentals.

   /

aldehyde polymer

  9:52 PM    Anonymous

aldehyde polymer [ORG CHEM] Any of the plastics based on aldehydes, such as formal-
dehyde, acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, or acrylic aldehyde (acrolein). 

   /

aldehyde ammonia

  9:51 PM    Anonymous

aldehyde ammonia [ORG CHEM]CH3CHOHNH2 A white, crystalline solid with a melting
point of 97 C; soluble in water and alcohol; used in organic synthesis and as a
vulcanization accelerator.

   /

aldehyde

  9:51 PM    Anonymous

aldehyde [ORG CHEM] One of a class of organic compounds containing the CHO radical.

   /

alcosol

  9:50 PM    Anonymous

alcosol [CHEM] Mixture of an alcohol and a colloid.

   /

alcoholysis

  9:48 PM    Anonymous

alcoholysis [ORG CHEM] The breaking of a carbon-to-carbon bond by addition of an
alcohol.

   /

4.7.11

alcoholate

  11:48 AM    Anonymous

alcoholate [ORG CHEM] A compound formed by the reaction of an alcohol with an
alkali metal. Also known as alkoxide.

   /

alcohol

  11:47 AM    Anonymous

alcohol [ORG CHEM] Any member of a class of organic compounds in which a hydrogen
atom of a hydrocarbon has been replaced by a hydroxy ( OH) group.

   /

alcogel

  11:46 AM    Anonymous

alcogel [CHEM] A gel formed by an alcosol.

   /

alchemy

  11:46 AM    Anonymous

alchemy [CHEM] A speculative chemical systemhaving as its central aims the transmu-
tation of base metals to gold and the discovery of the philosopher’s stone.

   /

alanyl

  11:45 AM    Anonymous

alanyl [ORG CHEM] The radical CH3CHNH2CO ; occurs in, for example, alanyl alanine,
a dipeptide.

   /

Al

  11:44 AM    Anonymous

Al See aluminum.

   /

ajmaline

  11:44 AM    Anonymous

ajmaline [ORG CHEM]C20H26N2O2 An amber, crystalline alkaloid obtained from Rauwolfia
plants, especially R.serpentina.

   /

air slaked

  11:43 AM    Anonymous

air-slaked [CHEM] Having the property of a substance, such as lime, that has been at
least partially converted to a carbonate by exposure to air.

   /

air line

  11:42 AM    Anonymous

air line [SPECT] Lines in a spectrum due to the excitation of air molecules by spark
discharges, and not ordinarily present in arc discharges.

   /

air fuel ratio

  11:41 AM    Anonymous

air-fuel ratio [CHEM] The ratio of air to fuel by weight or volume which is significant
for proper oxidative combustion of the fuel.

   /

air deficiency

  11:36 AM    Anonymous

air deficiency [CHEM] Insufficient air in an air-fuel mixture causing either incomplete
fuel oxidation or lack of ignition.

  

air

  11:35 AM    Anonymous

air [CHEM] A predominantlymechanicalmixture of a variety of individual gases forming
the earth’s enveloping atmosphere.

   /

agostic

  11:34 AM    Anonymous

agostic [ORG CHEM] A three-center, two-electron bonding interaction in which a hydro-
gen atom is bonded to both a carbon atom and a metal atom, such as the interaction
of a CH bond and an unsaturated transition-metal compound.

   /

aging

  11:33 AM    Anonymous

aging [CHEM] All irreversible structural changes that occur in a precipitate after it has
formed.

   /

aggregation

  11:32 AM    Anonymous

aggregation [CHEM] A process that results in the formation of aggregates.

   /

aggregate

  11:31 AM    Anonymous

aggregate [CHEM] A group of atoms or molecules that are held together in any way,
for example, a micelle.

   /

agavose

  11:30 AM    Anonymous

agavose [ORG CHEM]C12H22O11 A sugar found in the juice of the agave tree; used in
medicine as a diuretic and laxative.

   /

agaric acid

  11:29 AM    Anonymous

agaric acid [ORG CHEM]C19H36(OH)(COOH)3 An acid with melting point 141 C; soluble
in water, insoluble in benzene; used as an irritant. Also known as agaricin.

   /

affinity chromatography

  11:27 AM    Anonymous

affinity chromatography [ANALY CHEM] A chromatographic technique that utilizes the
ability of biological molecules to bend to certain ligands specifically and reversibly;
used in protein biochemistry.

   /

affinity

  11:25 AM    Anonymous

affinity [CHEM] The extent to which a substance or functional group can enter into a
chemical reactionwith a given agent. Also known as chemical affinity.

   /

AES

  11:22 AM    Anonymous

AES See Auger electron spectroscopy

   /

aerosol

  11:21 AM    Anonymous

aerosol [CHEM] A suspension of small particles in a gas; the particles may be solid
or liquid or a mixture of both; aerosols are formed by the conversion of gases to
particles, the disintegration of liquids or solids, or the suspension of powdered
material.

   /

aerogel

  11:21 AM    Anonymous

aerogel [CHEM] A porous solid formed from a gel by replacing the liquid with a gas
with little change in volume so that the solid is highly porous.

   /

aeration cell

  11:20 AM    Anonymous

aeration cell [PHYS CHEM] An electrolytic cell whose electromotive force is due to
electrodes of the same material located in different concentrations of dissolved air.
Also known as oxygen cell.

   /

adsorption potential

  11:20 AM    Anonymous

adsorption potential [PHYS CHEM] A change in the chemical potential that occurs as
an ionmoves froma gas or solution phase to the surface of an adsorbent.

   /

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